Anti-incrustantes a base de cobre: revisão da literatura e análise bibliométrica

Abstract

The use of copper compounds as biocides are commonly used in antifouling coatings on ships. Biofouling protection is essential for efficient service of boats and ships. Antifouling technologies that incorporate biocides such as copper and tributyltin were developed to prevent the installation of organisms on vessels, but their widespread use has introduced high levels of contamination into the environment and raised concerns about their toxic effects on marine communities. This review covers the history of copper as the main drivers of development and changes in technologies. The use of the “Bibliometrix” tool allowed us to identify the current trend in research. The release rate of biocides for small vessels is the main focus of current research, along with booster biocides and ecotoxicity studies. Recent years have shown a shift in focus from fundamental study topics to processes developed in biofouling and the design of new coatings and other technologies. Points and challenges for future research are also discussed at the end, and it is hoped that this review will drive and guide the focus of future research on antifouling technologies.