Equipe de Enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde: reorganização do processo de trabalho e suas implicações para cenários futuros no contexto da COVID-19

Abstract

The object of the study is the changes that occurred in the work process of nurses in the municipality of Maricá in Primary Health Care before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. General objective: To analyze the work process, practices and socio-technical networks of Primary Health Care nurses in the Municipality of Maricá, State of Rio de Janeiro, before, during and after COVID-19. This study is justified by the possibility of exploring the theme of the COVID-19 pandemic according to the nurses' point of view, in order to understand the changes that have occurred in the work of these professionals in PHC at the municipal level. This project proposal is in line with the Research Group Configurations of health and nursing work: processes, social networks and training – REDENF UERJ, from the Public Health Nursing Department of the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Field research with an exploratory character and a quantitative and qualitative approach, with the scenario of Family Health Units belonging to the Municipality of Maricá. The study population consisted of professional nurses from the Family Health Units in the city of Maricá, including team nurses and unit manager nurses. For data collection, a Google form questionnaire and individual interviews were chosen. Data were collected in September and October 2022. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under opinion No. 4,588,893. Data were analyzed through Social Network Analysis (ARS) by UCINET © software and its NETDRAW© graphical representation extension, and based on thematic analysis. The results of this study were separated into analysis items for better organization and, consequently, greater ease of understanding. The analysis items were: the characterization of the research participants; practices and actions developed before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic; work process before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic; social media analysis before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic; and thematic categorization of the interviews. The study concluded that the pandemic had an impact on the work process of PHC nursing professionals in the Municipality of Maricá, and required changes in the organization of the work process, such as the adoption of safety measures to prevent the spread of the virus, prioritization of care lines of care and critically ill patients, carrying out remote consultations, suspending some activities, such as home visits, group actions and the health program at school.