Avaliação de indicadores para a gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos gerados por bases de dados nacionais

Abstract

Brazilian databases, whether public or private, provide information and data on performance indicators related to urban solid waste that can contribute to the development and improvement of public policies in this sector. In view of the above, the theme to be studied in the present work aims to analyze and compare the methodological procedures adopted by ABRELPE, IBGE and SNIS-RS on the mass of MSW collected, selective collection and final destination, in order to explain their differences and outline an overview of the provision of this service in the country. To obtain the data, a bibliographical survey was carried out through books and academic works on the topic; and the websites of the aforementioned databases were accessed to consult the published reports with the aim of obtaining information on the methodologies applied and to verify the indicators used in the evaluation of basic sanitation throughout the Brazilian territory. From the analysis, divergences in information and inconsistencies in the methods applied by each base became evident. The discrepancy between the data is significant when evaluating the index of urban solid waste collected, published by ABRELPE and SNIS-RS, as there is a difference of more than 10 million tons in each year presented in the study. Another point to be analyzed is the gradual increase in selective collection initiatives in Brazilian municipalities, where the SNIS-RS indicated the presence of this service in 1,438 or 25.8% in 2019 and 1,567 or 28.1% in 2021. The ABRELPE, published the following numbers: 4,070 or 73.1% in 2019 and 4,145 or 74.4% in 2021. The study highlighted the need to adopt auditing and information certification procedures to improve the quality of regulation and management in the sector to promote data reliability. In addition to improving the structuring of questionnaires and statistical techniques, aiming to make the diagnosis of the studied scenario as realistic as possible to define the most appropriate management model.