Violência íntima: experiências de mulheres na atenção primária à saúde no Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a highly prevalent phenomenon that remains a major challenge for practitioners working in Primary Health Care (PHC). Much progress has been made in research, but there still seems to be little result in improving longitudinal care. Studies have shown the perspective of professionals, but little is found in the literature on the voices of these women. to understand the experience of women in situation of intimate partner violence in the context of the care offered by the primary health services (FHS) of Rio de Janeiro. Transversal qualitative study in Family Clinics. The waiting room of the units was attended, applying the questionnaire "Conflict Tactic Scales 2" in a private room. Twenty-one women were identified for any kind of violence, following a semi-structured interview, with questions about the revelation of violence experienced and suggestions for health professionals. For interpretation, the hermeneutic-dialectic method was used. An integrative review on Intimate Violence was also carried out using the PHC scenario, seeking to systematize the studies of the last 10 years to corroborate with the discussion of field research findings.Three categories were constructed and represent the trajectory of women: feelings about whether or not to tell what happened to the health team; analysis of FHS challenges for the development and monitoring of situations; and suggestions made by women for creative approaches by the FHS to address IPV. Regarding the integrative review, we discussed the use of terminologies and the presence of studies that reinforce the description of risk factors of the ecological approach through studies of magnitude, prevalence and health consequences. There was a lack of articles that deepened the understanding of the protective and resilient factors. Challenges for the care offered in PHC were translated, bringing women's advice for changes in the approach to IPV. There was a glimpse of the lack of studies that investigate women's protective factors under the PHC cenario. It is suggested to carry out follow-up and intervention studies, focused on promoting support and protection factors, to increase individual and collective resilience.