Pneus inservíveis: reciclagem e uso nas pavimentações asfálticas

Abstract

The generation of waste by man is a problem that challenges society. Better waste disposal must be proposed by a collection policy, which in addition to correct disposal, is capable of contributing to the population's awareness from the point of view of both social and environmental sustainability, through actions that promote the reduction of waste. waste produced, reuse and recycling of materials. The contaminating potential of tires, especially due to their inadequate disposal, is a prominent factor in terms of pollution. On the other hand, the majority of pavements in Brazil are of low quality, both in terms of rolling comfort and durability. Annually, billions of reais are invested in the maintenance of Brazilian highways. There is a need to seek new techniques that minimize the problems encountered with the incorrect disposal of potentially polluting materials, combined with the development of better asphalt pavement that provides greater durability, trafficability, safety and lower maintenance costs. This work aims to carry out a bibliographical survey that can help to indicate paths towards a possible solution to this problem. The reuse of rubber powder extracted from disused tires for asphalt purposes has been practiced for many years in other countries, increasing the durability of the pavement and matte by 40%. In Brazil, it is not yet a practice, but it is becoming popular among highway concessionaires, which provides a sustainable destination for this material. Lack of control in tire disposal ends up degrading the environment, accumulating on the slopes of highways, rivers, vacant lots and various places, resulting in problems for society such as the proliferation of insects. As it is a thermo-fixed polymeric material, the decomposition process is quite slow, reusing it in paving is an intelligent solution for its use. Although this technique has a high initial implementation cost when compared to conventional asphalt, which is an obstacle to its implementation, asphalt modified with rubber has greater resistance, lower maintenance costs and contributes to the sustainability of the planet, which lengthens the term It is very important and essential to life. The use of post-consumed rubber from scrap tires is considered promising. The need for public policies that adopt measures to use the addition of tire dust (consumed powders) in the manufacture of asphalt is urgent and its benefits are countless.