Analisando a percepção ambiental de alunas e alunos da educação básica sobre o Oceano em escolas de três municípios do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

The Ocean Literacy is a movement that seeks to reconnect with the ocean, through understanding its influence on us and our influence on it, based on content covered in school education. The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the mental models based on free associations of primary school students and students, in order to identify the associations and meanings attributed to the ocean, relating them to the Seven essential Principles, and to compare the perceptions with regard to the year of schooling and the search region. Schools were selected in the following regions in the state of Rio de Janeiro: Pau Grande, in Magé; Barreto, in Niterói; and São Gonçalo around Guanabara Bay. Data were collected used the technique the Free Word Association Test (TALP) between February and March 2022 and for the analysis, was used technique the Bardin. The analysis was divided into: representation in a word cloud, categorization according to the Seven essencial Principles and comparison according to the year and regions of the research. A total of 966 responses were obtained, of which 489 were from Middle School and 477 from High School. The most frequent words were water, fish, sea, blue, wave, beach, shark, animals, peace and pollution. The most frequent Principle in the responses was Principle 1, while the least frequent was Principle 3. Regarding the year, Principle 3 was the least used in all years, Principle 1 was more frequent in the 8th and 9th grades of Middle School and in 11th grade of High School, Principle 5 was most used in 6th and 7th grades of Middle School and Principle 6 was most frequently used in 10th and 12th grades of High School. Regarding the regions, Principle 3 was the least mentioned in all, Principle 5 was the most frequent in the Magé region and Principle 1 was the most used in the Niterói and São Gonçalo regions. It is expected, with the data obtained, to outline objectives to develop Ocean Literacy according to the target audience, based on prior knowledge and their absence or insufficiencies, using formal teaching spaces.