Avaliação ecocardiográfica na associação de cardiomiopatia hipertrófica e hipertensão arterial sistêmica pela técnica de strain

Abstract

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic heart disease in the world population, with a prevalence of at least 1/500. The association with hypertension is not uncommon since it affects approximately 25% of the world population. Most studies aim at the differential diagnosis between these diseases, but little is known about the magnitude of this association. No studies were found in the literature that used the strain technique as a parameter to evaluate this disease overlap. The aim of this study was to compare left ventricular global longitudinal strain (SLG) in HCM patients with and without associated hypertension. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study that included 45 patients with HCM with preserved ejection fraction and diagnosis confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, 14 hypertensive. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation was performed, with emphasis on left ventricular SLG analysis. SLG was also evaluated in the left atrium and right chambers. The three-dimensional echocardiogram analyzed left ventricular and atrial volumes. The most relevant result, when comparing the groups, was the lower myocardial deformation of the left ventricle in hypertensive patients when compared to the normotensive ones (-10.29 ± 2.46 vs -12.35% ± 3.55%, p = 0, 0303). It is concluded that the lower myocardial deformation in the HCM and hypertension group shows greater impairment of ventricular function in these patients.