Elaboração do Mapa Tecnológico (Technology Roadmap) para reutilização da borra de café com ênfase na indústria dos biocombustíveis, fármacos e cosméticos

Abstract

Industries produce a large amount of annual waste that often has no recovery. Considering that these residues have great potential for reuse, a study about this is necessary. Waste management strategies go beyond protecting a byproduct by reducing the pollutant load resulting from agro-industrial activity. The replacement by technologies called "clean technologies" and the reuse of waste start to add economic value to products, by-products, and waste from production processes, generating environmental effects, encouraging the non-formation of waste, recycling, and avoiding the accumulation of environmental liabilities. Therefore, the objective of this work is to study the trend in the development of technology in the use of coffee grounds through technology roadmapping (TRM) in order to identify the application over time. To carry out the work, the TRM method was used through a short-, medium-, and long-term strategic approach in order to understand the technological evolution of a product or process. Searches were carried out for patents, patent applications, and articles in databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, Espacenet, Patenscope, and INPI, where 882 granted and requested patents and 391 articles were analyzed. After the analysis, 17 requested patents, 6 granted patents, and 78 articles were considered relevant. The information found was available on a technological map and classified into short-term (granted patents), medium-term (patents applied for), and long-term (articles) in a given period of time according to a previously defined taxonomy. Through the research and making of the maps, it was possible to identify a company called Bio-Bean that has requested patents but already operates in the market for biofuels made from sludge. In addition, it is clear that most of the articles originate from universities. Finally, it is concluded that, in general, there is a trend towards the use of coffee grounds when compared to the use of other residues from the coffee industry, in addition to a trend towards the use of chemical processes and biodiesel production when it comes to the product taxonomy. Also note that there is not much expressive data on drugs and cosmetics.