Remodelamento do tecido hepático e do tecido adiposo em camundongos Swiss Webster na esquistossomose aguda e submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica

Abstract

Dyslipidemia and schistosomiasis are considered a serious public health problem today, affecting about 2.5 million people in Brazil and more than 240 million worldwide. Thus, in order to better understand the pathological process of schistosomiasis, the remodeling of liver and adipose tissue in experimental acute schistosomiasis in female Swiss Webster mice submitted to the high-fat diet and their respective controls was evaluated. Female mice received a high-fat diet (29% lipids) or a standard diet (12% lipids) and after 5 months were infected subcutaneously with 100 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (BH strain). After 9 weeks of infection, the animals were euthanized and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. The content of the peritoneal lavage was removed to check the pattern of immune response present in the macrophages, for this purpose the cytokines with pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and chemokine MCP-1 were dosed. The liver and visceral adipose tissue were removed, weighed and subjected to routine histological processing. We used Hematoxylin & Eosin, Lennert’s Giemsa, Gomori Reticulin and Picrosirius Red stains to perform histopathological analyzes; stereological, morphometric; verification of cell composition and quantification of granuloma collagen. The data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test or by the ANOVA analysis of variance with Tukey-Kramer post-test. Biochemical analysis confirmed the condition of dyslipidemia in animals fed a high-fat diet, however, lipid and glucose concentrations were significantly lower in infected animals. Schistosomal infection stimulated different hematopoietic lineage and induced an immune response directed to the pro-inflammatory profile. The infected groups had greater liver mass regardless of the diet introduced. In addition, E both liver and adipose tissue showed changes in morphological architecture, due to an intense inflammatory process. The morphometric analysis of the centrilobular and hepatic veins revealed that both the high-fat diet and schistosomal infection affected the parameters and morphometry of these considered vessels. We conclude that diet-induced dyslipidemia interferes with some parameters of experimental acute infection, as it promotes the remodeling of the immune profile of cytokines produced by macrophages, the disruption of liver and adipose tissue and the modulation of the morphometric parameters of centrolobular and veins hepatic