Zaratustra: espiritualidade nietzschiana

Abstract

This dissertation proposes a reading key for the work Thus Spoke Zarathustra from the hadotian conception of philosophy as a way of life and, particularly, the phenomenon of philosophical conversion through the practices of “spiritual exercises”. To unveil the specificity of this study, we will contrast the Nietzschean diagnosis of the “Death of God” with the possibility of approaching a “new meaning of the Earth” – transvaluation of values – through other cultivations of relationship with ourselves, with otherness and with the world. After a brief introduction to the model of philosophy as a way of life and the specific way through which Nietzsche fits into it, we will present the main characteristics of nihilism – a direct effect of this deicide – and how philosophical conversion, as presented by Pierre Hadot, complementing it with the analysis that Michel Foucault develops of the same phenomenon can serve, not only to foster reflection about the forms of creative resistance throughout the process of the consummation of nihilism but also to understand the metamorphoses of Zarathustra until he becomes the master of the Eternal Return. Starting from the paradigm of the Great Health (große Gesundheit), I will then move on to analyze the different conformations of the Will to Power (Wille zur Macht) to finally give contours to what we call “Nietzschean spirituality”.