Análise comparativa dos mapeamentos de suscetibilidade à inundação, nas sub-bacias Rio da Prata do Mendanha e Campinho, município do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

The study of flood events is always in vogue in scientific research, becoming more and more a multidisciplinary theme. The theme is widely explored, as science is able to analyze the diverse and complex factors and bring different answers to its resolution or mitigation attempts. This research aims to identify the areas susceptible to flooding in the Rio da Prata do Mendanha and Campinho sub-basins, in the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro and Nova Iguaçu. The city of Rio de Janeiro has historically lived with floods with countless social and economic damages dating back to the 17th century. The study area is in Planning Area V (AP5), popularly known as the West Zone, a place that has several problems in its urban infrastructure and little explored in academic studies on the theme of flooding. To achieve the objectives, this research will use data from the RJ-25 Project, developed by the IBGE, among which are hydrography, quoted points, and contour lines. Sub-basin boundaries were generated semi-automatically. Information on AP5 and land use and land cover data for 2017 were made available by Data Rio and INEA. Data from the 2000 and 2010 Censuses for understanding the socioeconomic changes in the study area. Data from extreme precipitation events that occurred in 1998, 2000, 2010, 2018 and 2019. In addition, erosion processes that influence susceptibility were analyzed. To identify areas susceptible to flooding, the HAND model was used, capable of demonstrating such areas according to the altimetry of the terrain. The model uses as a basis a Hydrologically Consisted Digital Terrain Model. To validate the modeling results, CPRM data and fieldwork were used. The results obtained were satisfactory, identifying in detail and demonstrating that, in total, there are 7.33 km2 of areas susceptible to flooding, with the Campo Grande (RJ) neighborhood having 4.54 km2 as the largest quantity of susceptibility.