Análise e contribuição à Teoria de Grelha considerando a flexibilidade dos apoios

Abstract

The increase in the use of software for structural design has several benefits, including the possibility of cost reduction by carrying out more precise analysis and optimizing design. With optimized design, even when satisfactory safety conditions are presented, structural elements become more flexible. Building beams often exhibit considerable displacements, which can influence the reactions of slabs and also their dynamic properties. The various models for slab analysis and design have some simplifications. One of the most widely adopted simplifications is the consideration of rigid supports. Although commonly adopted, this configuration can considerably alter the forces acting on the slab, leading to pathologies and unsatisfactory structural performance, as the supports may have a certain degree of flexibility. The proposed model contribution to Grid Theory establishes equations that change the calculation of slabs to consider the flexibility of supports for any level of flexibility of the border beams. An analytical study of the influence of support flexibility on the determination of slab requests and displacements was carried out. A comparative analysis between the proposed model and numerical models developed in SAP2000 software was performed. 192 models were analyzed in simply supported slabs and 168 models in slabs fixed at the edges, totaling 360 numerical analyses. It was verified that the proposed model brought precise results in most cases when compared with the results obtained in numerical models for cases of slabs with rigid and flexible edges. In addition to numerical analysis, data from a test on a slab with flexible supports was used. The results obtained by applying the proposed model to the experimental data indicated good accuracy of the model.