O Banco Asiático de Investimento em Infraestrutura e o Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento: Inovações e limitações para o desenvolvimento do Sul Global

Abstract

In the 21st century, China has a growing engagement in existing multilateral organizations, in addition to creating its own international organizations. In the 2010s, two Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) were created, the New Development Bank (NDB) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), the first international institutions created and led by China. This work aims to analyze the role that these two institutions can play in the rise of Chinese normative power in the International System (IS). Therefore, the neogramscian perspective of International Relations is used to analyze the role that these two MDBs play in the IS, as well as the New Institutionalism perspective to assess the influence of these institutions in the field of MDBs. A documental analysis of the governance structure of these banks and an empirical analysis of the projects approved by them between 2016 and 2020 were carried out, with the objective of evaluating their degree of innovation in the field of MDBs. It is concluded that these institutions represent important systemic innovations for the elevation of Chinese normative power, but they are not yet capable of causing isomorphic processes in other institutions. On the contrary, they are two institutions that undergo broad processes of institutional isomorphism by organizations such as the World Bank, corroborating the theses that these institutions do not represent a threat, but a Chinese complement to the international financial system.