O papel dos dêiticos em construções de contraste na esfera humorística: uma análise sob a ótica da Gramática de Construções Baseada no Uso

Abstract

This dissertation aims to investigate the contexts of deictic uses in the construction of argumentative contrast, whose scheme is represented by [X is contrasted [DEICTIC + contrastive adv] by Y], which can be filled in by different deictics, for example, not here, not today, not me among others. The general hypothesis is that this type of construction is used, in Brazilian Portuguese, in the discursive function of argumentative contrast, in which it promotes the comparison between two textual portions/objects of discourse, that is, it presents a logical structuring of contrast comparison, where the textual portion (a) is compared/contrasted with the textual portion (b). The research is based on the theoretical-methodological apparatus of Use-Based Construction Grammar (GCBU) (Croft, 2001, Diessel, 2015, 2019, Perek, 2015), which houses the conception that languages are shaped by the complex interaction of cognitive and functional principles. For data analysis, we considered 25 data extracted from humorous videos in the Youtube repository. The general results indicate that: (i) there is the construction of a common referent among the participants of the communicative act. Thus, this referent is compared/contrasted from the activation of the deictic associated with the element of negation and thus promotes the development of logical comparison of ideas, seeking to emphasize/persuade that the referent in (b) is opposite to the previous referent; (ii) the construction of argumentative contrast triggers different lexemes, that is, depending on the activated deictic and the enunciative scene (time, space, circumstance, among others) points to different degrees of schematicity and productivity.