Jogando o empregado contra o patrão: a Hegemonia Esguiana e a Defesa do Capital Multinacional e Associado no Superior Tribunal Militar (1974-1979)

Abstract

The main objective of this research is to problematize some notions used during the trials of political prisoners at the Superior Military Court (STM) between 1974 and 1979 that were taken as given by much of the historiography. From the perception and study of some terms and concepts used by ministers such as “revolutionary war” and words that refer to class struggle, we can see that the lexicon used by judges is contrary to the harmonization of the social conflict they constructed. The audios of the trials, especially that of Rosalice Fernandes, MDB activist, working among the workers of Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN) allow us to understand that the ministers actively or indifferently acted in order to support the perpetuation of the interests of capital multinational and associated. The STM judges were the product of Esguiano hegemony, which comprised a set of diverse, changeable and contradictory determinations over time, which served as a theoretical and practical basis for their speeches during the trial sessions. Similarly, the ministers were also agents of this hegemony and each of the ministers carried different influences that were consistent with the decisions pronounced in the trials. Thus, these guidelines resulted from a formulation of different temporalities, going from the formation of the ESG in the late 1940s to older elaborations such as those relating to race, gender, and class, for example, elaborated a long time ago but always subject to dynamic changes. over time. Finally, these forms led to the defense of multinational and associated capital, articulated through different strategies such as the proposal for a political transition that modified the political regime but maintained the same socio-economic structure.