Panorama do campo social da alimentação: dimensões da produção científica do campo e percepções sobre o acesso aos alimentos e os impactos socioambientais da produção alimentar

Abstract

The social sciences increasingly position themselves as a field that conducts scientific research on food, placing itself with a view that prioritizes the social components that are related to food, thinking about the relationship of subjects with society and with the different aspects that make it up. Thereby, an attempt was made to survey the theoretical production of the emerging field called Socioanthropology of Food, by considering the study of food as an object for the analysis and understanding of contemporary practices, representations and social tensions. In this way, an attempt was made to understand the different approaches and the different social, cultural, political and economic aspects that involve food, to contribute to the discussion of the field referring to Brazil. Thus, an attempt was made to emphasize the sociological perspectives and anthropological perspectives on food in the collected studies. Furthermore, it was noted that the paradox of production and access to food in Brazil is worrying. Hunger and food insecurity are real problems in the country, as well as the non-guarantee of the human right to adequate food for all Brazilians. There is, therefore, a system that involves political, economic and sociocultural factors that mark the individual and collective eating behaviors of a group.