Efeito do tratamento antiobesidade com Citrus aurantium ou sinefrina sobre o metabolismo lipídico no fígado em camundongos com obesidade programada por superalimentação pós-natal

Abstract

Childhood obesity results from a set of nutritional, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. In addition, epigenetic alterations caused by exposure to nutritional factors in early periods of life have been contributed to current obesity scenario, as is the case of early postnatal overfeeding that programs the individual for obesity and different related disorders, such as liver disease non-alcoholic. Citrus aurantium has been used as alternative to weight loss. Commercially, Citrus aurantium is standardized in synephrine, its active principle with agonist action on the β3-adrenergic receptor, used to reduce adiposity. This study has investigated the endocrine-metabolic effects of treatment with Citrus aurantium and synephrine on hepatic lipid metabolism aspects in adolescent mice with obesity caused by postnatal overfeeding. On day 3 after birth, male Swiss mice were divided into: 1) overfed group (SL): litter reduced to 3 pups to induce postnatal overfeeding and control group (NL): litter with 9 pups. At 30 days of age, SL mice were treated with: Citrus aurantium standardized in 6% synephrine (SL-CA6%) or 30% synephrine (SL-CA30%), isolated synephrine (SL-Syn) or vehicle (NL) for 29 days. The SL group showed body mass increase from 5th day of lactation to adolescence. At 60 days of life, SL group showed higher body mass, body fat, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, lower expression of hepatic β3-adrenergic receptor, increased content of hepatic lipids and IL-6 and TNF-α in the liver compared to controls. Treatments with both, Citrus aurantium and synephrine reversed some changes caused by metabolic programming in different ways, with Citrus aurantium standardized at 6% synephrine having a more beneficial effect in reducing adiposity and improving metabolic parameters while concentration of 30% synephrine appears to have no effective therapeutic effect. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating the effects of different concentrations of synephrine in Citrus aurantium extract, as well as the isolated use of synephrine in the modulation of metabolic effects.