Identificação molecular e análise populacional da carne de cação comercializada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e proveniente da espécie Prionace glauca (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae)

Abstract

The Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) are considered one of the oldest and most successful groups of vertebrates, with an approximate origin around 400 million years ago, close to the Siluro-Devonian boundary. In general, human activities related to the exploitation of fisheries resources are one of the main threats to elasmobranch species in their natural environment. Factors such as the degradation of coastal environments, accidental or directed capture, the gradual increase in fishing effort, and the life history itself are the primary causes of the population decline of several species, such as the white shark, the hammerhead shark and the object of this study the blue shark, Prionace glauca. Among the knowledge needed to regulate the catch supervision and management of the species' conservation, more in-depth information on the genetic variability of the object of study stands out. In the present work, molecular analyzes were carried out on the products from specimens of Prionace glauca collected and sold in Rio de Janeiro. The DNA extracted from the samples was amplified and purified, and subsequently sequenced. The sequences were edited and aligned, providing a database of 87 sequences comprising 418bp of the barcoding region of the COI gene. Finally, the results point to the efficiency of using the DNA Barcoding methodology to identify products associated with this species, as well as, to the absence of population structure in the species