Sequência didática: interatividade com tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) para o aprendizado dos conceitos de antígeno e anticorpo por meio do ensino dos grupos sanguíneos ABO e Rh

Abstract

Classes on human blood groups, especially on the ABO system and the Rh factor, provide an opportunity to cover the basic concepts of antigen and antibody in an initiative in the general understanding of this relationship, passing through the didactic unit of blood circulation to other topics in immunology. and health, important aspects of citizen training. This research, of a qualitative nature of theoretical discussion, aimed to develop a Didactic Sequence using Digital Information and Communication Technologies (TDIC) on the topic ABO and Rh blood groups in order to provide the learning of the concepts of antigen and antibody and the specific relationship between these, for high school students in the public network of Rio de Janeiro. Specifically, to understand DS according to Antoni Zabala's assumptions and within Vygotsky's socio-constructivism; define the structured and ordered activities in the SD using TDIC and with an investigative approach in the context of cyberculture and interactivity. The SD was designed as a pedagogical proposal that contemplates the constructivist theory and that can be developed as part of the teacher's planning, helping him to reflect on his pedagogical practice and create ways to overcome obstacles related to the teaching and learning process. This construction and critical analysis was based on the works and assumptions of the author Antoni Zabala, with an investigative bias and the use of TDIC. It was thought and planned during the Classroom Application Activity (AASA), of the master's program (PROFBIO), and implemented in its first version during the emergency remote teaching of the year 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, as a form of critical reflection of the teacher-researcher. In the year 2021, this SD was rethought, restructured and remodeled based on the theoretical discussion and reflection made, bringing relevant contributions to the teaching of biology in High School in the online form. As products we had a final DS built within the assumptions of the author Antoni Zabala and socio-constructivism, for the digital reality in cyberculture and interactivity to help teachers regarding the teaching of biology in public high school in RJ. Another product is the website and dissemination of this DS, which also includes research materials on the subject. The research provided a critical reflection of the pedagogical knowledge about DS with theoretical references. It is concluded that reflection on the socio-constructivist posture is as important for the SD planning and implementation process as it is itself, within the conceptual, procedural and attitudinal contents in the integral formation of students.