Uma análise dos processos de expansão do Aeroporto Internacional do Rio de Janeiro: remoções e mobilização social nas comunidades pesqueiras circunvizinhas

Abstract

In 2013, the privatization process of Galeão Airport, led by the Federal Government, generated a report in which it was possible to remove part of the population residing on Ilha do Governador, most notably in Tubiacanga, in the Galeão neighborhood, which led to a mobilization of people against this process. This fact was the trigger for this research, which focused on articulating the notorious interdisciplinarity between the human sciences, most notably Sociology and Geography, when relating the dimension of space production and interests that transcend materiality. By considering territory as a concept that allows understanding the different power relations and interests that exist in the construction of geographic space, this thesis aims to analyze how each construction or expansion work of what is now known as Rio de Janeiro/Galeão International Airport – Antônio Carlos Jobim focused on the removals and relocations of people who lived in fishing communities on Ilha do Governador, close to the airport equipment, and the related resistance movements that eventually emerged during these processes. The research was anchored in authors who could deepen the discussion on the concepts of social movements and territory, as well as provide the analysis of different historical contexts to seek an understanding of the different interests that impacted the production of Rio's space, with a focus on Ilha do Governor. In addition, primary and secondary sources were sought, with emphasis on the various newspapers that circulated in Rio de Janeiro at the time of the removals and present in the public and private virtual newspaper libraries available. By putting the investigation into practice, the desired result was achieved, one that shows the importance of collective mobilizations as a way of defending the interests of a locality threatened by imminent removal, as well as the dimension of the territory as a space in which pedagogical processes of urban resistance are constructed. Tubiacanga is the space that received the removals of Flecheiras and Itacolomi resulting from the construction and expansion processes of Galeão Airport. This resulted in a mobilization of residents who followed and/or directly experienced this process of removal from fishing communities surrounding Galeão. The historical context of removals in the past added to a possible new process mobilized the residents of Tubiacanga to resist, as well as think about current actions to obstruct the State and private capital from promoting future methods to remove residents from the highlighted area.