Fé e Saber: Uma articulação entre Hegel e Habermas

Abstract

The opposition between faith and knowledge is an unavoidable theme in the debate about the correct interpretation of modernity. An interpretative approach that established itself in the West – strongly linked to the Enlightenment legacy – ultimately solidified a stance that regards religious discourse as devoid of any epistemic value, viewing the onset of the modern era as a progressive victory of enlightened reason over faith. However, as in any genuine debate, there is no unanimity of perspectives.This discursive endeavor presents an alternative to the Enlightenment position through an articulation between two major figures in the philosophical tradition: Friedrich Hegel and Jürgen Habermas. Through a comparative analysis of Hegel's works "Difference between the Philosophical Systems of Fichte and Schelling," from 1801, and "Faith and Knowledge," from 1802, with Habermas's writings "Faith and Knowledge," from 2001, and "Between Naturalism and Religion," from 2005, the dissertation aims to elucidate to a broader extent how Jürgen Habermas's thought can be seen as the post-metaphysical expression of an integralist philosophy, yet one that differentiates – aspects that define the Hegelian approach to the tension between faith and knowledge. The results obtained from the conducted investigations clearly revealed the influence exerted by Hegelian notions concerning the philosophical consideration as an effort of reason to overcome the divisions produced by enlightened understanding within the Habermasian thesis, favoring a post-secular mindset that self-comprehends as situated between secularism and religious fundamentalism.