A violência contra a mulher perpetrada pelo parceiro íntimo como fator de risco para a hipertensão arterial: uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify, evaluate and synthesize the national and international scientific evidence on intimate partner violence against women (IPVW) and its relationship with arterial hypertension (AH). This is a systematic literature review with meta-analysis. The search was carried out in seven databases: MEDLINE (consulted through PubMed), PsycINFO, Scopus, Embase, LILACS, Google Scholar and WHOLIS, the last two referring to gray literature and were guided by the following descriptors: intimate partner violence, domestic violence, battered women, hypertension, blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and chronic disease. There was no delimitation of period or language. The search yielded 3,456 articles. After removing duplicates, 2,426 articles had their titles and abstracts read and analyzed according to the pre-established eligibility criteria. Of these, 169 were read in full and, in the end, 16 studies were included in this review. The selection, data extraction and quality analysis stages were carried out independently by two reviewers. The articles included were published between 2000 and 2022. Most of the studies were conducted in high-income countries. Most of the studies were cross-sectional (n=14). The sample size ranged from 425 to 70156 participants. The age of the participants also varied between 15 and 89 years. Different types of IPVR were assessed, with the majority of studies assessing emotional/psychological violence. Both exposure and outcome were measured in different ways in the studies. The included studies underwent a methodological quality analysis using the standardized JBI instruments. Of the studies evaluated, seven were identified as having a high risk of bias, while another seven were classified as having a moderate risk. Only two studies were considered to be at low risk of bias. A sensitivity analysis was carried out and there was no change in the findings. The meta-analyses carried out showed no relationship between any type of MPCI and the occurrence of AH in women. This highlights the need for more studies with greater methodological rigor and representative samples to better understand this relationship.