Ações no pré-natal para a prevenção da violência obstétrica: contribuições das enfermeiras à luz de Hildegard Peplau

Abstract

This is research, with a qualitative approach, whose object is nurses' care actions to prevent obstetric violence in prenatal care. The following objectives were developed: to understand the meanings of violence against women for nurses who work in prenatal care at basic health units; discuss the process of caring for nurses who work in prenatal care at basic health units considering the Theory of Interpersonal Relations and discuss how the care actions developed by prenatal nurses prevent obstetric violence during childbirth. Bardin's thematic/categorical content analysis was used to process the data. The participants of the research were prenatal nurses from the city of the State of Rio de Janeiro who work to assist pregnant women. The results were grouped into two categories: “Violence against women from the perspective of prenatal nurses” and “Actions to prevent obstetric violence carried out in the process of caring for prenatal nurses in basic health care”. The first category resulted in two subcategories, where there was an intersectional view of nurses on violence against women and the vulnerabilities and meaning of obstetric violence. The second category presented nurses' actions in preventing obstetric violence in the care process, which were the establishment of interpersonal relationships to identify needs, care actions and roles established to meet needs and prevent obstetric violence and empowerment and female independence after actions with the interface in preventing obstetric violence. We conclude that prenatal nurses develop interpersonal relationships through welcoming, bonding and listening, and thus, favors care actions in the care process, so that obstetric violence can be prevented.