Vozes em confronto: uma análise cartográfica de discursos da extrema-direita

Abstract

The research aimed to map discursive practices relating to the Bolsonarist universe, to understand the positions and the meaning effects of the selected designations. The corpus was produced from two Bolsonarist websites, Mídia Sem Máscara and Jornal da Cidade Online, and the social media Facebook, totaling 55 excerpts. The mapping of the Bolsonarist territory made it possible to locate the following designations: “fraudemic” and “pandemic”, referring to the period of the Covid-19 pandemic; “without ideological inclination” based on Bolsonaro’s speeches, especially after he was elected President of the Republic and moments before this position; “coup” and its variants, related to the coup attacks on January 8, 2023; “relative democracy”, regarding Lula’s speech in 2023 when he defended Venezuela as democracy, and “ochlocracy”, Bolsonarist’s perception of Brazilian democracy. To understand such discourses, the research was anchored in authors such as Deusdará and Rocha (2021), Maingueneau (2008), Ducrot (1987), Authier-Revuz (2004) and Passos, Kastrup and Escóssia (2009). Notions of ideology were also presented based on the concepts of Marx, Engels, Gramsci, Althusser, Foucault, and Orlandi to reflect and outline the position of the research. It was possible to notice that the speeches tended to attribute opposing voices to their voices, often attributing them to the left wing, as the wrong ones, the liars, the ideological, defenders of dictatorships, which causes crises, harming Brazil