O bullying na culturalidade brasileira: uma perspectiva da Educação Física escolar

Abstract

Bullying is a behavior that threats many students worldwide. Because it is a phenomenon observed everywhere at school, it also occurs during Physical Education classes, as well as some episodes of violence that are produced and reproduced during practical activities. From this perspective, this thesis aims to understand the characteristics of school bullying in Physical Education (PE) classes and compare them to the classic characteristics proposed by Olweus. This study divided into four parts: The first part aims to carry out a survey of the main characteristics of school bullying behavior from studies in Brazil and abroad, through the Scoping Review, and its conclusion was that the characteristics are physical-corporal, behavioral, gender, ethnic/racial and sociocultural, which become a habitus due to the way students act, perceive and incorporate them within the school field; the second study sought to identify the main characteristics of bullying in schools and PE classes, based on the discourse of Brazilian PE teachers with expertise in the phenomenon. Content analysis was the interview analysis method. We conclude from the experts' speech that the characteristics of bullying present in schools are socioeconomic differences, the popularity of students, issues regarding body image, gender issues and racism, and in classes and PE are the differences in motor skills and body image; in the third, the objective is to survey the characteristics of bullying that arise in Physical Education classes in schools in Rio de Janeiro, verifying possible relationships with those studied by Olweus. To this end, field observations were carried out in two schools, one public and other private school, and of which observed that the main characteristics in PE classes are in relation to the motor ability and color/race of the victims, who were boys; the last study was an essay that sought to present and discuss pedagogical actions regarding situations of violence and bullying in physical education scholar, based on a writing by the author of the thesis, who presented reports of bullying and violence during PE classes in a municipal public school in Rio de Janeiro in an elementary school class. Based on the studies presented, the thesis argues that the characteristics of bullying in PE classes are in line with the classic ones proposed by Olweus, however, the culturality of the place where the schools are located refers to the difference in relation to the actors in bullying events