Os reflexos do desenvolvimentismo brasileiro dos anos JK (1956-1961) no processo de desenvolvimento do Extremo Sul da Bahia

Abstract

The present research aims to analyze the impacts of the developmentalist policy of the years of government of President Juscelino Kubitschek (JK) (1956-1961) in the development of the Extreme South region of Bahia. The Extremo Sul da Bahia borders the states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Espírito Santo (ES) and itis known for being a region of Atlantic Forest where the first settlers arrived, as well as due to tourism in its coastal area and, in economic terms, currently it is known for the large monoculture of eucalyptus for the production of cellulose. It is curious to observe that logging activity stands out in the history of the Extremo Sul da Bahia and that the 1950s is an important milestone, because from this period it becomes possible to notice the intensity with which extractive activity is established and modifies the social, economic and political dynamics of the region. The developmentalist policy as well as the industrialization process in the 1950s can be seen very clearly in the Extremo Sul da Bahia, not because the region began to count on the presence of industries, but because from that decade onwards it became possible to notice an intense process of transformation of the territory. This changes provoked, above all, due to the installation of timber companies and the extractive activity, that intensified between the 1950s and 1960s, it occurs as a consequence and reflection of the national economic policy that aimed to promote Brazilian industrialization. These transformations can be seen from the intense occupation of the territory with population growth, the establishment of villages, the emancipation of districts, the opening of roads and the drastic modification of the vegetation cover area. Another evidence that seeks to demonstrate as an impactof the developmentalist policy in the territory of the Extremo Sul da Bahia is the documentation produced by the state government in the developmental period on the characteristics and conditions of development of the region.