Staphylococcus coagulase negativa como causador de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde tardia em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal

Abstract

The term Health Care Related Infections includes infections caused by a wide variety of fungi, bacteria and viruses acquired during hospitalization and, among newborns, coagulase negative Staphylococcus are the main pathogens involved in cases related to catheter use central venous. The objective is to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory profile of newborns with late-onset sepsis caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in a neonatal intensive care unit. This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, based on the analysis of retrospective data from 60 newborns diagnosed with coagulase negative Staphylococcus infection associated with the central venous catheter, after 48 hours of hospitalization. Data collection was carried out on secondary data, evaluating maternal and neonatal characteristics, as well as the results of blood cultures. The analysis was performed using the Stata® statistical program (version 14.0) and presented in the form of frequency and percentage. It is noteworthy that more than 60% of the patients' mothers had up to five prenatal consultations and reported income between one to two comparison rates. It was observed that most patients were male (51.7%), with birth weight less than 1500g (53.2%), with gestational age less than 32 weeks (52.5%), being 51, 6% resuscitated after birth and diagnosed with prematurity on admission (56.6%); it is also noteworthy that newborns born two to three central venous accesses during hospitalization (61.6%). In the analysis of blood cultures, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most prevalent (36.7%). In the sensitivity profile, teicoplamine was the antibiotic with the highest sensitivity (62.1%), followed by vancomycin (50%) and, in relation to resistance, penicillin was observed with 98.1% resistance, followed by oxacillin with 91.4%. It was concluded that newborns with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus infection were premature and of very low weight, children of mothers who did not have prenatal care, conditions that are known to increase the risk for late HAI. In addition, the prevalence of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus with high resistance to antibiotics widely used in NICUs should be warned. These findings corroborate the importance of prioritizing quality prenatal care and maintaining strict control over the rational use of antimicrobials.