Um olhar para as questões de geometria plana da OBMEP dos níveis 1 e 2 com o uso de materiais concretos manipuláveis: o que fazer para levar os problemas para a realidade dos alunos da rede pública de ensino.

Abstract

The OBMEP has been characterized since 2005 as the performance benchmark to be achieved by all students from the fifth grade of elementary school to the third year of high school. The great difficulty normally presented by students in the face of the challenge contained in the evaluation served as inspiration for the present research. While the OBMEP exam requires the student to be able to perceive patterns such as symmetry at the expense of formalizations, schools still essentially focus on traditional teaching focused solely on formal approaches to geometric concepts. This research aimed to seek to develop, under the guidance of educational development research methodology, notably practical teaching strategies in the light of constructivism with concrete and manipulable materials from recycling, in order to pursue an answer about the viability of working in a playful way the geometric precepts indispensable for OBMEP level 1 and 2 exams with students from public schools in an environment of intense cooperation. The use of didactic materials established in the teaching of mathematics such as Tangam and the Geoplano board, built with discarded materials, contributed to the pedagogical strategies discussed here. The construction of Optical experiments, such as the projection of objects on screens, also gained great prominence in the work due to the possibility of building activities that can sharpen students' interest in relation to geometric events charged at OBMEP. In the end, the strategies developed allowed us to glimpse a very interesting horizon for the use of disposable materials in the classroom with the purpose of preparing students for the exams on the OBMEP agenda.