Educação financeira: a construção de uma planilha como estratégia para o desenvolvimento da autonomia e bem-estar financeiros

Abstract

This dissertation's theme is the development of Financial Education through the process of building a financial spreadsheet, in a 2nd year high school class at the Abdias Nascimento State School, located in Nova Iguaçu - Baixada Fluminense in the State of Rio de Janeiro. This study adopted a qualitative research methodological approach, aiming to explore the knowledge of participating students on the topic of Financial Education, also evaluating how the collective construction of a financial spreadsheet can influence the development of reflective capacity and behavior change in relation to consumption. The project was divided into stages so that initially a literature review was carried out, aiming to elucidate how Financial Education presents itself in light of Paulo Freire's conceptions and the contributions of Critical Mathematics Education. Subsequently, activities were applied, aiming not only to understand the research participants' level of understanding on the topic, but also to investigate how the proposed activities could contribute to the development of the participants' critical analytical capacity. Some questionnaires were applied in order to collect data to analyze the gradual process of formation between prior knowledge and constructed knowledge. The aim was to develop greater responsibility and awareness in students regarding the use of money, as well as consumption practices, strengthening the habit of analyzing the relationship between desire and need, providing greater autonomy, independence and financial well-being. It is hoped that this dissertation can encourage dialogue and promote reflections on the elements present in the spreadsheet and on short, medium and long-term objectives, taking into account the reality of each person, and can be expanded to a family version or collective use. From this perspective, it is also expected that it can assist in the teaching-learning process of students, as well as offering other points of view on the way we approach the topic in schools. Additionally, an e-book was created, adding suggestions for activities and experience reports to document and share individual and collective learning and perceptions, aiming to enrich understanding of the topic. This resource paves the way for future research, suggesting the exploration of new methodologies, such as simulation games, mentoring programs and the interaction of digital technologies in teaching Financial Education and the impact of these educational practices.