Federalismo e regionalismo brasileiro: uma análise do consórcio Nordeste

Abstract

This work analyzes the Interstate Consortium for Sustainable Development of the Northeast (Consórcio Nordeste), established in 2019 with the self-declared purpose of promoting collaborative management of the territory and serving as a space for political dialogue at a regional level. It presents its organizational structure, examines its management, some of its political actions, both ordinary and exceptional during the coronavirus pandemic, and highlights characteristics that differentiate it from other interstate consortia in Brazil. In the methodological approach, literature referring to northeastern regionalism is applied as a theoretical foundation to understand this political-territorial phenomenon and to recognize its essential components. Based on this knowledge, the work considers the crisis as a fundamental component of regionalism in the Northeast. The political crisis generated by Lula's arrest and Bolsonaro's rise to the presidency is seen as an element that intensified the already existing federative crisis in Brazil, and which proves to be crucial for the constitution of the Consortium. It defends the Northeast Consortium as a contemporary and conjunctural expression of northeastern regionalism, and with this it offers an unprecedented perspective in the studies already carried out on this object that are listed in the Capes catalog, by integrating regionalism into its evaluation. The work is structured in three parts. The first addresses federalism in Brazil, with the aim of situating the federative crisis. The second analyzes the interconnection between federalism, regions and regionalism, focusing particularly on the Northeast and its regionalism. Finally, the third part details the Northeast Consortium's proposal.