A diferença dos sexos e suas consequências psíquicas: sobre linguagem, corpo e sexualidade na psicanálise com Freud e Lacan

Abstract

This research aims to investigate how Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis postulate the subjectivation of sexual difference and its psychic consequences. His production was motivated mainly by the desire to understand the reasons that led Sigmund Freud to dialogue with the anatomical and biological sciences in the construction of psychoanalysis, in order to highlight the specificities pointed out by him regarding the image of the body, to the genitals and the phallus. For this, we performed a thesaurus anchored in the Freudian work privileging the anatomical-biological postulates, the mentions to the penis and references to the phallic primacy, aiming to better encompass the effects of the link between language and organism and the consequent distinction between penis and phallus, essential for psychoanalytic theory and practice. With Lacan, we follow his efforts to emphasize the importance given to the prevalence of phallus in Freud’s work as an organizing element of human sexuality and then distinguish the notions of imaginary phallus and symbolic phallus introduced by him, as well as thinking of the body as the effect of the signifier. Finally, establishing a dialogue with other fields of knowledge, we resume the reading of contemporary psychoanalysts who already develop this theme, privileging a current dialogue with feminist theories and gender studies to reaffirm the foundations that underpin psychoanalysis and its ethics.