Reexistência no ensino de geografia: por uma geografia escolar cativante e significativa aos alunos e professores desde os anos iniciais da educação básica

Abstract

This work reflects the research that was conducted in the period of 2023 and 2024 in public schools of the municipal network of Duque de Caxias/RJ. This research portrays how children express their living spaces. This study presents a proposal for teaching geography through the living spaces of children for basic education, starting from the first year of schooling in elementary school I. The methodology adopted to conduct this research was the cartographic stance. In this process, the researcher and teacher were able to express her perceptions, emotions, and expectations throughout the course. The general objective that directs the work is to discuss which pedagogical activities are relevant for the first segment of Elementary School I. And with the specific objectives, it is intended to: a) listen to the observations, descriptions, and discussions of the spatial interactions of children with their everyday place; b) propose some possibilities for pedagogical practices; and c) enable children to explore their places of experience through field trips, storytelling, the use of the Google Earth app, and play. To conduct this research, bibliographic readings, a study, and dialogue with the authors listed were necessary: Eric Dardel (2015), Doreen Massey (1994; 2009; 2017), Jader Janer (2005; 2007; 2008; 2018) and Rafael Straforini (2001). The introduction to this work includes a presentation with a portrait of daily life and the difficulties experienced as a teacher in basic education, an explanation of the cartographic stance, and the reasons and objectives of the research. The dissertation presents dialogues with the authors, reports of experiments that discuss pedagogical strategies with the purpose of reaching the basic education public, and arguments for the results obtained. At the end of the research, there is the Educational Resource that proposes pedagogical workshops that value the living spaces of children. At the end of the research, there is the Educational Resource that proposes pedagogical workshops that value the living spaces of children. The following pedagogical workshops are suggested: Field Trip, Story Time, Google Earth and My Living Map, My Living Spaces (the Notebook of My Living Spaces), and Play Time (the Game Trail of Living Spaces). The aim of this research is to renew the teaching and learning of school geography so that it is interesting and captivating for students and teachers to develop the teaching of geography in basic education from the first years of elementary school. It recognizes how necessary and important it is to teach geography in basic education, starting from the living spaces of children from the initial years of basic education, the first segment of elementary school I.