Em Platão, Epicuro e Epicteto, a ideia da morte pode conduzir o homem a uma vida autêntica e feliz?

Abstract

This work presents a perspective about the idea of death in Platon, Epicure and Epictetus and how this subject may guide the individual through an authentic and happiness life. This reflection is based and presented through some parts of the Platon’s dialogue, Fedon; and Epicure’s works, Letter to Meneceu and Letter to Herodoto and the third one, Epictetus’s Manual, written by Flávio Arriano, who had the chance to be one of the philosopher’s disciples. The purpose of the work is an attempt of the theme’s articulation with the present days, overall, after the health world crises with the COVID19 plage. Regarding the outlines of the referred works, in terms of practice sense, as a philosophic’ s exercises, may helping us in thinking about an authentic way of well living and well acting. This work starts with a chapter presenting Platon’s dialogue, Fedon, with Socrates argumentation about the soul immortality and the idea which he taught during his whole life about non fear the death, reinforced to his disciples in his last day of life, before the takes the mortal poison. Socrates also talks to the disciples about his most relevant advice, επίμέλεια, and he demand them to take care of themselves and the others. In a second part, the theme of this work will be outlined in the Epicure’s referred epistles, where is possible to watch the philosophers argue about non fear the death, non fear the divine’s penalties and them he proposes to move on sharing and taking care (επίμέλεια) with us and the others. In the next chapter, considering some selected fragments from the Epictetus’s Manual, it is presented the author’s thoughts about the death and how this reflection may lead the individual towards an authentic and imperturbable life. Lastly, this work carries some points of views about the contemporaneous days to think the death not as a paralysing phenomenon, but considering the ethic advices of the three philosophers, who suggest to put us off from the bad feeling and the perturbations caused by them and in the end, a simple act of well-being way of life, watching out the επίμέλεια. And so, it is known and supposed that this articulation may lead us in an authentic and undisturbed life.