Caracterização e análise dos determinantes socioambientais em diferentes bairros da cidade do Rio de Janeiro (RJ)

Abstract

The conditions in which people are born, live, grow, work, and age account for most of the disease burden, as well as the health inequities that exist in all countries. The term used to refer to this set of conditions is socio-environmental determinants of health, which encompasses the social, economic, political, cultural, and environmental determinants of health. In this context, the present thesis aims to analyze the socio-environmental determinants in the neighborhoods of Bonsucesso, Maré, São Conrado, and Vidigal, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, with the goal of identifying the social inequalities present within the urban environment. To achieve this, the study is based on an integrated approach that considers historical, socioeconomic, environmental, and epidemiological aspects. The methodology involved the collection of secondary data from the Pereira Passos Institute, the Geological Service of Brazil, DataSUS, and the Demographic Censuses of 2010 and 2022, as well as geospatial analyses using geotechnology tools. Socioeconomic factors, environmental conditions, and health indicators were thus correlated, reinforcing the need for public policies that promote structural improvements. The results indicate that the intense and accelerated urbanization process has led to increased social contrasts. The socio-environmental vulnerability of the studied neighborhoods, particularly Maré and Vidigal, significantly contributes to the widening of health inequalities.