As representações de professoras pela revista A Escola Primária: ação percuciente da mestra deve ser a luz para o cérebro e exemplo para o coração (1916-1924)

Abstract

The objective of this work is to analyze the representations of teachers by the magazine A Escola Primária between the years 1916 to 1924. to 1938, with about 234 issues published, of which we worked with 28 issues. The purpose of the print was to guide primary teachers as well as shape school practices and publicize the work carried out in the school inspectorate. The Primary School was used as a source and object of research and the proposed time frame that comprises the year of creation of the magazine and the year of the last publication of the Cartas Serranas column, written by teacher Maria Amélia Daltro Santos, but signed by the pseudonym Maria Stella , which presented texts in most editions of the magazine. From her letters, it was possible to investigate her conceptions of the pedagogical field, her critical look at education and her engagement with primary teachers. The methodology for the execution of this documental research started from the bibliographic study on the subject and the integral reading of the primary sources of the magazine, in which selecting the texts pertinent to the researched theme. Then, we selected and examined texts that demonstrated how the network of teachers and educators in Rio de Janeiro worked. In the examination of the source, it was observed the relationship of the magazine to the educational conceptions to Escolanovistas, the formative character of primary teachers and the sociability network between school inspectors, magazine collaborators and teachers. Initially, we located the place and the meaning of the production of a pedagogical press in the educational context and its creators. In a second moment, we examined the structure of the journal and its objectives. Then, we analyze the circulation strategies and the magazine's life cycle to finally identify the representations of teachers. As a theoretical-methodological contribution we used Camara (2011), Chartier (2002), Certeau (2002) among others.