Os fundamentos da afrocentricidade, afrorreferência e afroperspectiva e suas influências para a aplicação das Leis nº 10.639/03 e nº 11.645/0 nas Artes Visuais em escolas privadas

Abstract

The aim of this study is to identify the applicability of non-hegemonic references, such as Afrocentricity, Afroperspective and Afroreference - based on Laws Nr. 10.639/03 and Nr. 11.645/08 - in Visual Arts Teaching in Basic Education in private institutions located in the north and west of Rio de Janeiro city, considering that these references can broaden the artistic, cultural and identity parameters of the students. The research hypotheses include how much and how often Visual Arts teaching practices have been based on the aforementioned Laws Nr.10.639/03 and Nr.11.645/08 for the identity formation of young people in these institutions located in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro; the relevance of the Black Movement in resisting institutional racism and combating the epistemicide of other knowledge in the school community. As a methodology, the bibliographic survey of qualitative data based on the presence of the base of afrocentricity, afroperspective and afroreference in Visual Arts teaching, considering research on the subject. As methodology, the bibliographic survey of qualitative and quantitative data from the presence of the base of Afrocentricity, Afroperspective and Afroreference in Visual Arts teaching, considering previous research by the author. In addition, a questionnaire for teachers working in the final years of elementary school, teaching Visual Arts in private and/or public schools, investigates the pedagogical recurrence of the references of Afrocentricity, Afroperspective and Afro-reference through artists and thinkers who represent and identify with African and diasporic cultural diversity. As a pedagogical consequence, the Ubuntu Art Educational Product, in digital format catalogue, is a support material for other teachers interested in the theme about the possibilities of action of non-hegemonic knowledge and doing - with Afrocentric perspectives. The Catalog is organized with the autobiography of contemporary national Black visual artists in order to highlight the aesthetic investigations of multiple languages and mediums carried out by these artists in their creative processes, as well as the methodological proposals that reference them. These contributions promote respect for ethnic-racial pluralities in the educational space through the teaching of Visual Arts. The Educational Product was applied and validated in private schools for 6th and 9th grade classes in elementary education between the years 2022 and 2024.