Roteiro para aula de Geografia facilitando a compreensão dos desastres ambientais: com foco nas enchentes, alagamentos e inundações vivenciadas pela comunidade escolar

Abstract

This work proposes to create a more interesting sphere of learning for elementary school students. It is a study that helps to approach several topics such as relief, cartography, environmental issues, watersheds, hydrological cycles, floods, flooding, types of rain, and environmental pollution. For the teacher's scientific foundation, the geomorphological characteristics of hydrographic reservoirs, their main components and shapes are presented. The hydrological cycle, however, stands out for its importance for the existence of life on the planet and for the understanding of water behavior, since the theme is a subject of the early years of elementary school. Following this approach, the work presents how floods and inundations occur in the city of Rio de Janeiro and in the Baixada Fluminense. For Rio de Janeiro we used data from the bibliography, and for Baixada Fluminense we used rainfall data found in hydro web. Based on this data, high rainfall is compared with the flood and the bulletin of the day will be used as evidence of the event. The importance of geography teaching, investigative teaching, environmental education, the popular knowledge encompassing the theme of flooding, the approach of environmental disasters in society, and finally the product of the action covering all these topics were emphasized. These activities included a conversation circle, a survey, and included the construction of a rain gauge, a field trip, and the construction of a 3D model. The model looks at the terrain types and areas of the main possible flood points. The rain gauge consists of determining rainfall rates for the community. If a flood is detected, it will be possible to compare the millimeter data collected from rainfall in a rain gauge installed in the schoolyard with the results adjusted for this volume of water.