Cuidado integral em transplante cardíaco: uma revisão integrativa sobre o trabalho interdisciplinar e a centralidade do usuário

Abstract

Heart transplantation is a therapeutic proposal for patients with advanced heart failure, whose clinical condition no longer responds to conservative approaches. Due to the complexity of the process, transplant candidates must be closely monitored by an interdisciplinary team from the moment the procedure is indicated. The premise is that, from the perspective of comprehensive care, such interdisciplinary practices cannot be restricted to clinical protocols, which would mean reducing the process of illness to an exclusively biological dimension. In this sense, understanding health through its social determination, it is considered essential for the practical success of the procedure, in addition to professional technique, the recognition of the patient as a subject with rights, whose particularities and health needs need to be identified in order to construct the line of care. For the purposes of this research, interdisciplinary work and the perspective of the centrality of the patient are understood as attributes for guaranteeing comprehensive care for people with indications for heart transplantation. Through an integrative review of the scientific literature, with a time frame between 2010 and 2024, the aim is to analyze the reflections on these attributes in productions that deal with care in heart transplantation. This research is expected to contribute to the broadening of the understanding about the importance of care practices that are not limited to the biomedical approach, promoting more humanized, integrated interventions guided by the centrality of the user as a structuring axis of health care, particularly in the context of heart transplantation.