Influência da telemedicina na redução da morbimortalidade e hospitalização da insuficiência cardíaca

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a complex chronic disease with debilitating symptoms. There is a high prevalence of heart failure worldwide and, despite advanced medical, pharmacological and surgical treatment, patient outcomes are poor, and hospital readmissions are high. Telehealth can be an effective tool in the management of HF patients. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the possible consequences of using telemedicine in the therapy of individuals with HF. To this end, a scoping review was conducted, with the review question constructed using the PCC mnemonic (population, concept, context) and culminating in the following text: What is the influence of telehealth on the therapeutic care of patients with heart failure? The following databases were used for this research: Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE); Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) via PUBMED, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (SCIELO), Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus; and the Portals: PERIODICALS Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and Regional Virtual Health Library Regional Virtual Health Library Regional Virtual Health Library (BVS REGIONAL). A total of 670 documents were screened, which, with the analysis of two independent researchers, resulted in a sample of eighty-nine articles. The analysis: 1. General aspects of HF and technologies in clinical follow-up; 2. telemonitoring modalities in HF: efficacy and applications; 3. adherence with the use of telemonitoring in chronic heart disease.4. evaluation of clinical indicators through the implementation of telehealth; five. the efficiency of telehealth in diagnosis and early intervention; 6. telemedicine in symptom control and in improving the quality of life of patients with HF; 7. the impact of remote monitoring on communication between patients with HF and their medical team. 8. satisfaction of patients and health professionals in improving clinical indicators of HF; 9. cost- effectiveness of telehealth in improving morbidity and mortality from HF; 10. comparative perspectives on the use of telehealth for the treatment of patients with HF; 11. contribution of telemedicine in the context of public health; 12. future perspectives and relevance for health policies. The conclusion is that telemedicine, when applied in an integrated and multidisciplinary way, can be an effective tool for monitoring and managing patients with HF. This type of intervention can facilitate communication between health professionals and patients, improve symptom monitoring and enable a more personalized approach, which can lead to more positive clinical results.