Modulação das Respostas Imunes de Macrófagos Murinos à Infecção por Leishmania major: efeito agudo de diferentes intensidades de exercício físico

Abstract

Physical exercise can bring health benefits through responses and adaptations promoted in various biological systems, including the immune system. Moderate-intensity physical exercise can reduce the risk of infection by intracellular microorganisms by directing the immune response toward a Th1-type pattern. Strenuous physical exercise can cause a redirection of immune cells, leading to an "immune window," potentially making the body susceptible to infections due to the prevalence of a Th2-type response. This study investigated the effect of a single acute session of moderate or strenuous exercise on nitric oxide production by peritoneal macrophages from Balb/C mice. The mice were divided into three groups for acute exercise (sedentary control, moderate exercise, and strenuous exercise). The acute exercise consisted of a single moderate session and a single strenuous session. A single session of acute moderate and/or strenuous exercise promoted a decrease in the infection factor between macrophages and Leishmania major at specific periods in the time course curve. A single session of acute strenuous exercise promoted an increase in NO production in peritoneal macrophages infected with Leishmania major at 0, 24, and 48 hours, and a decrease after 120 hours post-exercise session. A single session of acute moderate and/or strenuous exercise promoted an alteration in the TNF-α/IL-10 ratio of peritoneal macrophages infected with Leishmania major