Avaliação de eficiência econômica no setor de turismo brasileiro

Abstract

Responsible for 10.4% of the world's GDP, the tourism sector was considered crucial for sustainable development in the UN's 2030 Agenda. This study sought to evaluate the economic efficiency of the sector in Brazil in relation to the flow of international tourism and foreign exchange revenues, using the Data Envelopment (DEA) method with bias corrected by bootstrap. In the second stage, the impact of environmental variables on efficiency scores was analyzed using truncated regression (SIMAR; WILSON, 2007). The results indicate that Brazil is only 27% efficient compared to middle-income countries, receiving six million foreign tourists annually. To become efficient, the country would need to attract four times as many visitors, while maintaining the current level of government investment and jobs in the sector. It was also observed that an increase in the homicide rate decreases efficiency by 0.03, while devaluation of the exchange rate and a better airport connectivity index are positively associated with an increase in efficiency. Brazil therefore has the potential to expand its market share, provided it adopts the good practices identified in countries considered to be efficient.