Exame Nacional de Proficiência em Educação Física: condições e possibilidades de criação e os impactos na formação acadêmica e no mercado de trabalho

Abstract

The area of physical education and the scope of professional intervention have been growing in recent decades and this is very evident in the offer of undergraduate/bachelor's degree courses, in the growth of Postgraduate Programs, in the quantity of scientific research and in new fields of activity. The latest census by the National Institute of Studies and Educational Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP) showed that the physical education course is among the 15 most sought after and the number of entrants The current job market trains professionals to work in the Unified Health System (SÚS), in gyms and clubs, in Basic Education and Higher Education Institutions, in high-performance sports, in health promotion, in the hospital environment, among others. Therefore, the expanded number of sectors in which graduates can work is evident. Some debates regarding the development of professional proficiency exams have been gaining prominence nationally, and Bill No. 2980/2019 is currently under consideration in the Chamber of Deputies. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the conditions of possibility in favor of the creation of a National Professional Proficiency Exam in physical education, which functions as a condition for obtaining professional registration, as occurs in Law, Accounting and, in an unprecedented way, in Medicine. This study contributes to understanding the effects of the Exam on academic training and the job market. To this end, we conducted interviews with undergraduates and graduates in the field, and investigated the positions of institutional actors: the Federal and Regional Councils, the Brazilian Association of Academies, Trade Unions, the Brazilian College of Sports Sciences, and undergraduate course coordinators. Use was made of Michel Foucault's archaeological-genealogical discourse analysis and the hermeneutic analysis method proposed by Minayo). Institutional actors silenced their speeches and the interviewees provided positions, of which the majority of those working in the undergraduate sector were against the existence of the Exam, and a good portion of those working in the bachelor's sector were in favor. Thus, we conclude that the political, economic, and cultural possibilities for developing a Proficiency Exam are unfeasible. The attempt to legitimize a national assessment as a condition for professional practice appears to have harmful impacts, particularly by exacerbating the precariousness and uberization of work, as well as unemployment. This finding, on the other hand, demands more from the Ministry of Education in the oversight of undergraduate courses in Physical Education in higher education institutions in the country