Demografia e mercado de trabalho em Enfermagem: um recorte sobre raça/cor e gênero

Abstract

This study aims to advance understanding of the demographic dynamics and labor market conditions within the nursing profession in Brazil, with a particular focus on the intersectional analysis of gender and race/color in relation to remuneration. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional study employing quantitative methods based on secondary data from PNAD Contínua, RAIS, and CAGED databases, covering the period from 2012 to 2022. The target population comprised registered nurses with higher education degrees working across the national territory. Statistical analyses were conducted using simple and multiple linear regression models, implemented in R software with incorporation of the PNADc sampling design. The findings reveal persistent income disparities among nursing professionals, especially when social markers of race/color are considered. Gender-related inequities were also identified, albeit to a lesser extent. The impact of intersectionality was evident, with Black female nurses experiencing the most adverse outcomes across all analyses. The study concludes that structural challenges persist in the Brazilian nursing labor market, disproportionately affecting Black Workers, particularly women, who are systematically concentrated in lower-paying positions. These results underscore the urgent need for affirmative public policies that effectively address the consequences of racism and sexism in the healthcare sector, thereby promoting social justice and equity within the nursing workforce.