A lei 10.639 e a intolerância religiosa: os desafios docentes em São Gonçalo - RJ

Abstract

This dissertation aimed to understand the dilemmas and challenges faced by basic education teachers in the daily life of public schools in São Gonçalo concerning religious intolerance. As the Brazilian scenario in recent years has pointed to a more intense conflict from the evangelical religious segment, especially against practitioners of African-derived religions, it was necessary to establish a theoretical interface between the field of pedagogy and approaches to anthropology. In this sense, I mobilized authors such as Camurça (2020) and Bahia (2021) to understand religious disputes in Brazil, as well as engaging Tardif (2006) to analyze the teaching knowledge produced in the daily experiences of teachers in their confrontations. In the field of anthropology, the authors contribute to reflecting on the disputes in the religious field in Brazil, where evangelicals have gained prominence in recent years. In the field of education, Tardif (2006) contributes to thinking both the diversity present in the school and the knowledge produced in the everyday practice of teaching. Such authors contribute to thinking about the scenario where, in this research, religious intolerance was addressed as one of the manifestations of racial prejudice in our society, which made the theoretical support of authors like Ribeiro (2019) and Bento (2022) necessary. The research was conducted using a qualitative method, in which interviews with teachers proved fruitful for understanding the problems faced in the school daily life. Therefore, five interviews were conducted with teachers from a state public school in the municipality of São Gonçalo, between November 2024 and April 2025. From the research, it was noticed that even after more than two decades of implementation of law 10.639-03, there are still many obstacles faced by teachers in the classroom regarding racial prejudice in our society, especially religious intolerance. Based on the experiences narrated by the teachers, two games were proposed as educational products, with the aim of addressing the theme of religious intolerance in the classroom in a practical manner, as requested by the teachers. The games helped the students to reflect on how religions have common points, such as symbols, and how important it is to respect religious diversity.