Forma(s) de vida e desacordos profundos na Epistemologia das Dobradiças

Abstract

This dissertation aims to address the problem of deep disagreements, or more broadly, the possibility of communicational breakdown stemming from a grammatical conflict between radically distinct linguistic communities. The starting points are the perspective of a pluralistic reading that shifts the concept of ‘form(s) of life’ from the margins to the center of Philosophical Investigations and an anti-foundationalist approach to the writings that constitute On Certainty, especially those concerning the concept of ‘hinge certainty’ and the so-called hinge epistemology. The main objective is to understand the articulation of these two concepts within a proposal of continuity that allows to connect the grammatical plurality advocated in the Philosophical Investigations to the distinction between knowledge and certainty through the epistemology of On Certainty. To achieve this, we will examine exegetically and philosophically passages from the writings of Wittgenstein and some interpretations related to these and other analogous issues under three main axes: (1) the concept of ‘form(s) of life’ from the perspective of the nature-culture binomial, (2) the concept of ‘hinge certainties’ and the epistemology of On Certainty, and (3) the thesis of grammatical diversity and the problem of access to alternative grammars at the core of deep disagreements.