Coocorrência de experiências adversas na infância: um inquérito de base escolar no município do Rio de Janeiro.

Abstract

Introduction: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been increasingly studied together due to their serious and long-lasting cumulative repercussions on the quality of life of individuals. Although the international literature is growing in Brazil, the joint approach of these experiences is still incipient. The purpose of this Dissertation is to estimate the prevalence of emotional, physical and sexual abuse, emotional and physical neglect, death or loss of contact with the parents and dissolution of the biparental family in the childhood; to investigate the co-occurrence profile of these EAIs; and to investigate the distribution of events according to individual characteristics, family structure, socioeconomic context and related to the school of the adolescent school of the IX Administrative Region (AR) of the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 681 adolescents enrolled in the second year of high school in twelve schools of the IX AR in the year 2017. Participants were selected through complex random sampling. For the identification of violence and negligence, the national version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was used. The other ACEs were addressed through direct questions. The data analysis included the prevalence of the isolated events, the number and co-occurrence profile of the ACEs. The analyzes were performed in software Stata 13. Results: The most observed ACEs were emotional abuse, emotional neglect and dissolution of the biparental family. Seventy percent reported having suffered at least one ACE and 9,0% four or more. About 20,0% of the participants experienced situations of abuse and neglect and 9,0% experienced adverse experiences of abuse, neglect and absence of at least one parent during childhood. Discussion: This study evidences the high prevalence and a co-occurrence profile of ACEs among schoolchildren, which contributes to greater vulnerability to negative health consequences. These findings emphasize the need to strengthen violence prevention policies as well as strategies, especially within the family and school environment, that reduce the effects of ACEs on the well-being of children and adolescents, ensuring their full growth and development.