O ensino sobre a saúde de adolescentes em uma escola pública de medicina do Distrito Federal.

Abstract

Public policies related to adolescent health care are very recent, just as the concept of adolescence, considered a process of life. In spite of the laws and guidelines that guide the attention to health care, the professional performance related to the health of adolescents is still subjected to the health of the child and related to the physical, biological and pathological dimensions, not assuring to the professionals the acquisition of competences and abilities that allow an integral performance with this group. Therefore, in order to address the main health needs of adolescents, the professionals need an education training aimed at this purpose. The health professional, mainly the doctor, who has no competence for this type of approach, only provides an assistance to the biological issues and does not pay attention to the real particularities of this population. It is observed an advance in the curricular guidelines of the medicine course regarding the integrality of the care, although many medicine courses in Brazil still approach the adolescents health in a fragmented way. This research, therefore, describes how the inclusion of the theme Attention to Adolescents Health is made in the curriculum of a public medical school of the Federal District in Brazil, the ESCS. This is a qualitative research, with an exploratory nature and its subjects are the coordinators of the medicine course. The data collection instruments were applied in different moments and environments, in order to perform the documentary analysis and the semi-structured interview. The interpretation of the results was made by the content analysis technique. The documentary analysis showed that the theme is approached in the first, second and fourth years in thematic modules 102, 201, 206 and 401; in the second year, in the skills and attitudes about the child s health program; in the second year, on IESC program and in the boarding school; in the fifth year, in the pediatrics rotation. In the analysis of the interviews were obtained the following categories: knowledge of the specificities of the health care line of adolescents; the teaching-learning about adolescents health: interviewee training; the health of adolescents in the ESCS curriculum, proposals to the deepening of the medical curriculum. Most of the interviewees had a traditional training, where the adolescence theme was included to the pediatrician or gynecology theme, in a superficial and theoretical way, more related to the physiological aspects. As a suggestion, the interviewees propose to include the theme from the first to the sixth year, in a spiral format, in all educational programs, with an integration between them. The aims of this research were reached in an attempt to subsidize possible strategies of including this theme in the educational programs of universities, helping to improve the learning process of students, teachers and preceptors on this subject and, consequently, enabling a more humanized and qualified attention for adolescents age group in the services.