Fatores associados à recaída do tabagismo em pacientes assistidos em unidades de saúde da zona oeste do município do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

This dissertation evaluated the factors associated with smoking relapse of patients treated at primary health factors. We evaluated the relapse rate of the treatment of smokers in the National Tobacco Control Program, and the association between time to relapse and concern with weight, depression and / or anxiety. This is a prospective cohort study, comprising 135 patients, 95 women and 40 men, who stopped smoking after 4 weeks of treatment adherence and were followed up to 6 months. The relapse rate was found to be similar in both sexes, with close to 30% at 3 months and 50% at 6 months. The median survival time was similar, about 130 days. The average weight gain was higher among males at 3 and 6 months. To assess factors associated with time to relapse factors were calculated hazard ratios (HR) and confidence intervals of 95% (95% CI), through the semi-parametric proportional hazards model of Cox. In bivariate analysis, women who thought smoking or lose weight dieted had a higher risk of relapse, but not statistically significant. Among those who reported psychological counseling and / or psychiatric, time to relapse was 2.62 times lower compared to those who did not. The risk also was increased with alcohol use (HR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.89). Among men, the two patients who were taking medication for depression and / or anxiety have relapsed. The remaining variables were not associated with risk of relapse by presenting HR with no statistically significant intervals. Smokers could benefit from treatments that offered a complementary way calls for nutrition and mental health. The improvement of smoking cessation strategies should take into account gender differences, the need to care for psychiatric and psychological problems and weight control for patients with greater difficulty; essential steps to successful public policies for tobacco control in the country.