Análise das políticas públicas brasileiras para o autismo: entre a atenção psicossocial e a reabilitação.

Abstract

This work aims to investigate the similarities and differences presented by the various stakeholders in the current process of formulation and review of policies for autism in Brazil. Therefore, we made a critical analysis of two institutional booklets, recently launched by the Ministry of Health, on assistance to autism in the Brazilian Health System. One gets the title "Care Guidelines for Rehabilitation of Persons with Disorder Autistic Spectrum "and addresses the disorder as belonging to the field of Disabilities, proposing treatment under the path of rehabilitation. Another, entitled "Care Line for People with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Their Families in Psychosocial Care Network Health System" seize autism as a mental disorder, belonging to the field of psychosocial care system. The release of two official documents that include the subject in different ways is illustrative of an apparent dissent in the direction of policies for this population. Thus, we gaze the formation of two groups apparently antagonistic, disputing in the policy and welfare spheres for the primacy of the autistic phenomenon approach. We hypothesize that a division was produced in the development of three axes: the evolution of nosographic categorization of autism, the care and political participation of autistic parents' associations and other social groups and the construction of national public policies for the mental health of children and adolescents. In this way, we analyze such elements, believing that their intersection helps us to infer the basic components of autism context in Brazil. Finally, from the analysis of the documents, it can be argued that although the epistemological differences play an important role in dissent in question, they do not act as the main factor of the conflict, since they show negotiable. Apparently, the controversies show due to political disputes, by different groups in search of leadership and decision power in the formulation of public policies for autism in the country.