Concepções de família subjacentes a Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira: percorrendo o labirinto do protagonismo dos familiares.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of family that guides the development of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, observing the direction of the current public policy of Mental Health to provide assistance to the family and call the relatives of people with mental disorders to the role of protagonists. The path chosen for the articulation of the elements discussed in this work it was the essayistic construction that brings together different contributions of the literature on the relationship involving state, family and public policy in order to contextualize the development of the approach to families of people with mental disorders under the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. In this sense it was made a journey through law productions which aimed at addressing indicators of production and tensions present in society about the concept of family and its duties. In this direction it is also appreciated the way the family functions and their rights are formally standardized by the state. Also aiming to analyze this understanding in the Brazilian state of family function in assisting its members this work addresses the different public policy development ideas that unfold in different ways to distribute assignments maintenance actions and development of life involving state, family and community. The approach of the relationship between state and family remains present in the analysis of the course of the relationship between the mental health field and the family focusing on the elements in the development of Psychiatry and its activities aimed at social order by the state. The following is questioning the roles attributed to the family and the relationship with these professionals both in term of asylum and hygienist model as under the psychosocial care model resulting from the institutionalization of psychiatric reform. It points out that despite the change of care model in which the care task to people with mental disorders before concentrated in the asylum and now shared with family and substitutive services, remains, in the dynamic link between mental health services, teams and family, the prevalence of the direction defined by professionals. This characterization of direction exercise is observed in the course of the movement of the Brazilian anti-asylum struggle. In this context, the paper analyzes the invitation to families under the Psychiatric Reform to the role of protagonism exercise since the construction of care for patients with mental disorders to participate in the movement of anti-asylum fight and in spaces for deliberation on mental health policy. Devices and empowerment promotion tactics and leadership are appreciated proposed by managers, professionals and researchers in this field. The paper points out that the condition of protagonism is not limited to the involvement of family members in the proposed devices, but should be checked in the ways in which individuals take ownership of these in everyday life.